Phases of storing and handling data

Phases of storing and handling data
This post is all about the different way of storing the data .data is the most important part of any organization and today the whole IT industry is working for this. most of the times we are spending our time in storing updating and accessing this data. So here the step by step ways of handling data is given.
In the beginning of time we are using arrays as a means of storage of data but because of its limitations we switch on to the next concept but it has also some limitations so we move on to the next concept which is queues and then  linked lists.        

  • Arrays
  • Stack        
  • Queues
  • Linked list
       Array
       Stack
Queu
Link list
Concept:
an array is a data structure used to process multiple elements with the same data type when a number of such elements are known.
A stack is a      memory in which values are stored and retrieved in “”last in first out” manner by using operation called push and pop.
A queu is also a list of elements with insertion at one end- called rear, and deletions permitted from other end- called the front.
A link is a data structure that is used to model such a dynamic list of data items.
Working property:
Uses similar type of data items and static in nature.
Uses the property of LIFO (last in first out) which means it has only one entry and exit point and the data last inserted will be pop first.
Uses the property of FIFO (first in first out) which means that the data first inserted will pop up first. Just like a real life queue.
Using the concept of DMA (dynamic memory allocation) allocates the memory space during program execution.
How accessed? :
Uses subscript for accessing its each element lowest subscript represented as zero  and highest subscript as
 (n-1) element.
Uses a pointer TOP to  store the different values  using the concept of push and and pop. push means to insert an element and pop means to delete an element.
Uses two pointer rear and front rear contains the first value of the given data and front contains the last element of the given data.
It has two ends first and last just like queue but its every and has two parts data part and address part  which is accessed with a next variable which is a user defined variable .
Representation:





a[0]………..a[n-1]
 Where used? :
Is used when the number elements are known. For e.g. if you have to find the average marks of 50 students then array will be suitable for this.
Stack is basically used for handling or execution of large programs within a small memory space with its concept of push and pop. Is used to store a list of elements process it and then pop it up.
there is need to store different kinds of data and all kind  of data can not be stored using a stack then the concept of queue is made.it has two ends just like a real life queue in this concept the data first inserted  will be processed first and works on FIFO which means the data inserted first will be processed first just opposite to stack.
This concept is used for allocating the memory space  exactly without wastage storage of data and memory location. and this  can be only done at the time of insertion of data which is done by using the concept of dynamic memory allocation DMA.

In the above table arrays ,stacks ,queues and linked list is explained . every invention is done because of the limitations of its previous concepts in the same way array has the limitation that there is a lots of memory wastage, then we switched on the concept of stack in which we are using arrays in which  there is a continuous operation is performed known as  push and pop.in this operation we in small memory space it can perform different execution of operations but we need some more  then the concept of queue is made because stack has the problem that the data inserted first will be last out and we have other type of data which  can not be process using this concept then this problem removed in queue and after this the linked list is made to reduce the execution time of different operations  . Each and every  concept of storing data is appropriate according to its kind and all concepts used according to the demand of data storage.
                                                      



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